Includes cleanups

[invirt/third/libt4.git] / rpc / rpc.cc

diff --git a/rpc/rpc.cc b/rpc/rpc.cc
index 5e43547..a08e287 100644 (file)
--- a/rpc/rpc.cc
+++ b/rpc/rpc.cc
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 /*
 /*

- The rpcc class handles client-side RPC.  Each rpcc is bound to a
- single RPC server.  The jobs of rpcc include maintaining a connection to
- server, sending RPC requests and waiting for responses, retransmissions,
- at-most-once delivery etc.
+ The rpcc class handles client-side RPC.  Each rpcc is bound to a single RPC
+ server.  The jobs of rpcc include maintaining a connection to server, sending
+ RPC requests and waiting for responses, retransmissions, at-most-once delivery
+ etc.

 
  The rpcs class handles the server side of RPC.  Each rpcs handles multiple
  connections from different rpcc objects.  The jobs of rpcs include accepting
 
  The rpcs class handles the server side of RPC.  Each rpcs handles multiple
  connections from different rpcc objects.  The jobs of rpcs include accepting

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
 
  Both rpcc and rpcs use the connection class as an abstraction for the
  underlying communication channel.  To send an RPC request/reply, one calls
 
  Both rpcc and rpcs use the connection class as an abstraction for the
  underlying communication channel.  To send an RPC request/reply, one calls

- connection::send() which blocks until data is sent or the connection has failed
- (thus the caller can free the buffer when send() returns).  When a
+ connection::send() which blocks until data is sent or the connection has
+ failed (thus the caller can free the buffer when send() returns).  When a

  request/reply is received, connection makes a callback into the corresponding
  rpcc or rpcs (see rpcc::got_pdu() and rpcs::got_pdu()).
 
  request/reply is received, connection makes a callback into the corresponding
  rpcc or rpcs (see rpcc::got_pdu() and rpcs::got_pdu()).
 

@@ -25,18 +25,16 @@
  number of threads needed to manage these connections; without async IO, at
  least one thread is needed per connection to read data without blocking other
  activities.)  Each rpcs object creates one thread for listening on the server
  number of threads needed to manage these connections; without async IO, at
  least one thread is needed per connection to read data without blocking other
  activities.)  Each rpcs object creates one thread for listening on the server

- port and a pool of threads for executing RPC requests.  The
- thread pool allows us to control the number of threads spawned at the server
- (spawning one thread per request will hurt when the server faces thousands of
- requests).
+ port and a pool of threads for executing RPC requests.  The thread pool allows
+ us to control the number of threads spawned at the server (spawning one thread
+ per request will hurt when the server faces thousands of requests).

 
  In order to delete a connection object, we must maintain a reference count.
 
  In order to delete a connection object, we must maintain a reference count.

- For rpcc,
- multiple client threads might be invoking the rpcc::call() functions and thus
- holding multiple references to the underlying connection object. For rpcs,
- multiple dispatch threads might be holding references to the same connection
- object.  A connection object is deleted only when the underlying connection is
- dead and the reference count reaches zero.
+ For rpcc, multiple client threads might be invoking the rpcc::call() functions
+ and thus holding multiple references to the underlying connection object. For
+ rpcs, multiple dispatch threads might be holding references to the same
+ connection object.  A connection object is deleted only when the underlying
+ connection is dead and the reference count reaches zero.

 
  This version of the RPC library explicitly joins exited threads to make sure
  no outstanding references exist before deleting objects.
 
  This version of the RPC library explicitly joins exited threads to make sure
  no outstanding references exist before deleting objects.

@@ -45,9 +43,9 @@
  there are no outstanding calls on the rpcc object.
 
  To delete a rpcs object safely, we do the following in sequence: 1. stop
  there are no outstanding calls on the rpcc object.
 
  To delete a rpcs object safely, we do the following in sequence: 1. stop

- accepting new incoming connections. 2. close existing active connections.
- 3.  delete the dispatch thread pool which involves waiting for current active
- RPC handlers to finish.  It is interesting how a thread pool can be deleted
+ accepting new incoming connections. 2. close existing active connections.  3.
+ delete the dispatch thread pool which involves waiting for current active RPC
+ handlers to finish.  It is interesting how a thread pool can be deleted

  without using thread cancellation. The trick is to inject x "poison pills" for
  a thread pool of x threads. Upon getting a poison pill instead of a normal
  task, a worker thread will exit (and thread pool destructor waits to join all
  without using thread cancellation. The trick is to inject x "poison pills" for
  a thread pool of x threads. Upon getting a poison pill instead of a normal
  task, a worker thread will exit (and thread pool destructor waits to join all

@@ -56,39 +54,21 @@
 
 #include "rpc.h"
 
 
 #include "rpc.h"
 

-#include <sys/types.h>

 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <unistd.h>

-#include "lock.h"

 
 

-#include "jsl_log.h"
-#include "tprintf.h"
-#include "lang/verify.h"
-
-const rpcc::TO rpcc::to_max = { 120000 };
-const rpcc::TO rpcc::to_min = { 1000 };
-
-rpcc::caller::caller(int xxid, unmarshall *xun)
-: xid(xxid), un(xun), done(false)
-{
-}
-
-rpcc::caller::~caller()
-{
-}
-
-inline
-void set_rand_seed()
-{
-    auto now = std::chrono::time_point_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now());
+inline void set_rand_seed() {
+    auto now = time_point_cast<nanoseconds>(steady_clock::now());

     srandom((uint32_t)now.time_since_epoch().count()^(uint32_t)getpid());
 }
 
     srandom((uint32_t)now.time_since_epoch().count()^(uint32_t)getpid());
 }
 

-rpcc::rpcc(sockaddr_in d, bool retrans) :
-    dst_(d), srv_nonce_(0), bind_done_(false), xid_(1), lossytest_(0),
-    retrans_(retrans), reachable_(true), chan_(NULL), destroy_wait_ (false), xid_rep_done_(-1)
+static sockaddr_in make_sockaddr(const string &hostandport);
+
+rpcc::rpcc(const string & d, bool retrans) :
+    dst_(make_sockaddr(d)), srv_nonce_(0), bind_done_(false), xid_(1), lossytest_(0),
+    retrans_(retrans), reachable_(true), chan_(), destroy_wait_ (false), xid_rep_done_(-1)

 {
     if(retrans){
         set_rand_seed();
 {
     if(retrans){
         set_rand_seed();

@@ -101,33 +81,26 @@ rpcc::rpcc(sockaddr_in d, bool retrans) :
     }
 
     char *loss_env = getenv("RPC_LOSSY");
     }
 
     char *loss_env = getenv("RPC_LOSSY");

-    if(loss_env != NULL){
+    if(loss_env)

         lossytest_ = atoi(loss_env);
         lossytest_ = atoi(loss_env);

-    }

 
     // xid starts with 1 and latest received reply starts with 0
     xid_rep_window_.push_back(0);
 
 
     // xid starts with 1 and latest received reply starts with 0
     xid_rep_window_.push_back(0);
 

-    jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::rpcc cltn_nonce is %d lossy %d\n",
-            clt_nonce_, lossytest_);
+    IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("cltn_nonce is " << clt_nonce_ << " lossy " << lossytest_);

 }
 
 // IMPORTANT: destruction should happen only when no external threads
 // are blocked inside rpcc or will use rpcc in the future
 }
 
 // IMPORTANT: destruction should happen only when no external threads
 // are blocked inside rpcc or will use rpcc in the future

-rpcc::~rpcc()
-{
-    jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::~rpcc delete nonce %d channo=%d\n",
-            clt_nonce_, chan_?chan_->channo():-1);
-    if(chan_){
+rpcc::~rpcc() {
+    cancel();
+    IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("delete nonce " << clt_nonce_ << " channo=" << (chan_?chan_->channo():-1));
+    if(chan_)

         chan_->closeconn();
         chan_->closeconn();

-        chan_->decref();
-    }

     VERIFY(calls_.size() == 0);
 }
 
     VERIFY(calls_.size() == 0);
 }
 

-int
-rpcc::bind(TO to)
-{
+int rpcc::bind(milliseconds to) {

     unsigned int r;
     int ret = call_timeout(rpc_const::bind, to, r, 0);
     if(ret == 0){
     unsigned int r;
     int ret = call_timeout(rpc_const::bind, to, r, 0);
     if(ret == 0){

@@ -135,41 +108,37 @@ rpcc::bind(TO to)
         bind_done_ = true;
         srv_nonce_ = r;
     } else {
         bind_done_ = true;
         srv_nonce_ = r;
     } else {

-        jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::bind %s failed %d\n",
-                inet_ntoa(dst_.sin_addr), ret);
+        IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("bind " << inet_ntoa(dst_.sin_addr) << " failed " << ret);

     }
     return ret;
 };
 
 // Cancel all outstanding calls
     }
     return ret;
 };
 
 // Cancel all outstanding calls

-    void
-rpcc::cancel(void)
-{
+void rpcc::cancel(void) {

     lock ml(m_);
     lock ml(m_);

-    tprintf("rpcc::cancel: force callers to fail");
-    for(auto &p : calls_){
-        caller *ca = p.second;
+    if (calls_.size()) {
+        LOG("force callers to fail");
+        for(auto &p : calls_){
+            caller *ca = p.second;

 
 

-        jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::cancel: force caller to fail\n");
-        {
-            lock cl(ca->m);
-            ca->done = true;
-            ca->intret = rpc_const::cancel_failure;
-            ca->c.notify_one();
+            IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("force caller to fail");
+            {
+                lock cl(ca->m);
+                ca->done = true;
+                ca->intret = rpc_const::cancel_failure;
+                ca->c.notify_one();
+            }

         }
         }

-    }

 
 

-    while (calls_.size () > 0){
-        destroy_wait_ = true;
-        destroy_wait_c_.wait(ml);
+        while (calls_.size () > 0){
+            destroy_wait_ = true;
+            destroy_wait_c_.wait(ml);
+        }
+        LOG("done");

     }
     }

-    tprintf("rpcc::cancel: done");

 }
 
 }
 

-int
-rpcc::call1(unsigned int proc, marshall &req, unmarshall &rep,
-        TO to)
-{
+int rpcc::call1(proc_t proc, marshall &req, string &rep, milliseconds to) {

 
     caller ca(0, &rep);
     int xid_rep;
 
     caller ca(0, &rep);
     int xid_rep;

@@ -178,7 +147,7 @@ rpcc::call1(unsigned int proc, marshall &req, unmarshall &rep,
 
         if((proc != rpc_const::bind && !bind_done_) ||
                 (proc == rpc_const::bind && bind_done_)){
 
         if((proc != rpc_const::bind && !bind_done_) ||
                 (proc == rpc_const::bind && bind_done_)){

-            jsl_log(JSL_DBG_1, "rpcc::call1 rpcc has not been bound to dst or binding twice\n");
+            IF_LEVEL(1) LOG("rpcc has not been bound to dst or binding twice");

             return rpc_const::bind_failure;
         }
 
             return rpc_const::bind_failure;
         }
 

@@ -189,26 +158,21 @@ rpcc::call1(unsigned int proc, marshall &req, unmarshall &rep,
         ca.xid = xid_++;
         calls_[ca.xid] = &ca;
 
         ca.xid = xid_++;
         calls_[ca.xid] = &ca;
 

-        req.pack_req_header({ca.xid, (int)proc, clt_nonce_, srv_nonce_, xid_rep_window_.front()});
+        req.pack_header(request_header{ca.xid, proc, clt_nonce_, srv_nonce_, xid_rep_window_.front()});

         xid_rep = xid_rep_window_.front();
     }
 
         xid_rep = xid_rep_window_.front();
     }
 

-    TO curr_to;
-    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> finaldeadline =
-        std::chrono::steady_clock::now() +
-        std::chrono::milliseconds(to.to),
-        nextdeadline;
-
-    curr_to.to = to_min.to;
+    milliseconds curr_to = rpc::to_min;
+    auto finaldeadline = steady_clock::now() + to, nextdeadline = finaldeadline;

 
     bool transmit = true;
 
     bool transmit = true;

-    connection *ch = NULL;
+    shared_ptr<connection> ch;

 
 

-    while (1){
-        if(transmit){
-            get_refconn(&ch);
-            if(ch){
-                if(reachable_) {
+    while (1) {
+        if(transmit) {
+            get_refconn(ch);
+            if (ch) {
+                if (reachable_) {

                     request forgot;
                     {
                         lock ml(m_);
                     request forgot;
                     {
                         lock ml(m_);

@@ -218,47 +182,46 @@ rpcc::call1(unsigned int proc, marshall &req, unmarshall &rep,
                         }
                     }
                     if (forgot.isvalid())
                         }
                     }
                     if (forgot.isvalid())

-                        ch->send((char *)forgot.buf.c_str(), forgot.buf.size());
-                    ch->send(req.cstr(), req.size());
+                        ch->send(forgot.buf);
+                    ch->send(req);

                 }
                 }

-                else jsl_log(JSL_DBG_1, "not reachable\n");
-                jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2,
-                        "rpcc::call1 %u just sent req proc %x xid %d clt_nonce %d\n",
-                        clt_nonce_, proc, ca.xid, clt_nonce_);
+                else IF_LEVEL(1) LOG("not reachable");
+                IF_LEVEL(2) LOG(clt_nonce_ << " just sent req proc " << hex << proc <<
+                                " xid " << dec << ca.xid << " clt_nonce " << clt_nonce_);

             }
             transmit = false; // only send once on a given channel
         }
 
             }
             transmit = false; // only send once on a given channel
         }
 

-        if(finaldeadline == std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock>::min())
+        if(finaldeadline == time_point<steady_clock>::min())

             break;
 
             break;
 

-        nextdeadline = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + std::chrono::milliseconds(curr_to.to);
+        nextdeadline = steady_clock::now() + curr_to;

         if(nextdeadline > finaldeadline) {
             nextdeadline = finaldeadline;
         if(nextdeadline > finaldeadline) {
             nextdeadline = finaldeadline;

-            finaldeadline = std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock>::min();
+            finaldeadline = time_point<steady_clock>::min();

         }
 
         {
             lock cal(ca.m);
             while (!ca.done){
         }
 
         {
             lock cal(ca.m);
             while (!ca.done){

-                jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc:call1: wait\n");
-                if(ca.c.wait_until(cal, nextdeadline) == std::cv_status::timeout){
-                    jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::call1: timeout\n");
+                IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("wait");
+                if(ca.c.wait_until(cal, nextdeadline) == cv_status::timeout){
+                    IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("timeout");

                     break;
                 }
             }
             if(ca.done){
                     break;
                 }
             }
             if(ca.done){

-                jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::call1: reply received\n");
+                IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("reply received");

                 break;
             }
         }
 
                 break;
             }
         }
 

-        if(retrans_ && (!ch || ch->isdead())){
+        if(retrans_ && (!ch || ch->isdead())) {

             // since connection is dead, retransmit
             // on the new connection
             transmit = true;
         }
             // since connection is dead, retransmit
             // on the new connection
             transmit = true;
         }

-        curr_to.to <<= 1;
+        curr_to *= 2;

     }
 
     {
     }
 
     {

@@ -279,7 +242,7 @@ rpcc::call1(unsigned int proc, marshall &req, unmarshall &rep,
     {
         lock ml(m_);
         if (!dup_req_.isvalid()) {
     {
         lock ml(m_);
         if (!dup_req_.isvalid()) {

-            dup_req_.buf.assign(req.cstr(), req.size());
+            dup_req_.buf = req;

             dup_req_.xid = ca.xid;
         }
         if (xid_rep > xid_rep_done_)
             dup_req_.xid = ca.xid;
         }
         if (xid_rep > xid_rep_done_)

@@ -288,34 +251,23 @@ rpcc::call1(unsigned int proc, marshall &req, unmarshall &rep,
 
     lock cal(ca.m);
 
 
     lock cal(ca.m);
 

-    jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2,
-            "rpcc::call1 %u call done for req proc %x xid %d %s:%d done? %d ret %d \n",
-            clt_nonce_, proc, ca.xid, inet_ntoa(dst_.sin_addr),
-            ntohs(dst_.sin_port), ca.done, ca.intret);
-
-    if(ch)
-        ch->decref();
+    IF_LEVEL(2) LOG(clt_nonce_ << " call done for req proc " << hex << proc <<
+                    " xid " << dec << ca.xid << " " << inet_ntoa(dst_.sin_addr) << ":" <<
+                    ntoh(dst_.sin_port) << " done? " << ca.done << " ret " << ca.intret);

 
     // destruction of req automatically frees its buffer
     return (ca.done? ca.intret : rpc_const::timeout_failure);
 }
 
 void
 
     // destruction of req automatically frees its buffer
     return (ca.done? ca.intret : rpc_const::timeout_failure);
 }
 
 void

-rpcc::get_refconn(connection **ch)
+rpcc::get_refconn(shared_ptr<connection> & ch)

 {
     lock ml(chan_m_);
 {
     lock ml(chan_m_);

-    if(!chan_ || chan_->isdead()){
-        if(chan_)
-            chan_->decref();
+    if (!chan_ || chan_->isdead())

         chan_ = connect_to_dst(dst_, this, lossytest_);
         chan_ = connect_to_dst(dst_, this, lossytest_);

-    }
-    if(ch && chan_){
-        if(*ch){
-            (*ch)->decref();
-        }
-        *ch = chan_;
-        (*ch)->incref();
-    }
+
+    if (chan_)
+        ch = chan_;

 }
 
 // PollMgr's thread is being used to
 }
 
 // PollMgr's thread is being used to

@@ -324,14 +276,14 @@ rpcc::get_refconn(connection **ch)
 //
 // this function keeps no reference for connection *c
 bool
 //
 // this function keeps no reference for connection *c
 bool

-rpcc::got_pdu(connection *, char *b, size_t sz)
+rpcc::got_pdu(const shared_ptr<connection> &, const string & b)

 {
 {

-    unmarshall rep(b, sz);
+    unmarshall rep(b, true);

     reply_header h;
     reply_header h;

-    rep.unpack_reply_header(&h);
+    rep.unpack_header(h);

 
     if(!rep.ok()){
 
     if(!rep.ok()){

-        jsl_log(JSL_DBG_1, "rpcc:got_pdu unmarshall header failed!!!\n");
+        IF_LEVEL(1) LOG("unmarshall header failed!!!");

         return true;
     }
 
         return true;
     }
 

@@ -340,18 +292,17 @@ rpcc::got_pdu(connection *, char *b, size_t sz)
     update_xid_rep(h.xid);
 
     if(calls_.find(h.xid) == calls_.end()){
     update_xid_rep(h.xid);
 
     if(calls_.find(h.xid) == calls_.end()){

-        jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::got_pdu xid %d no pending request\n", h.xid);
+        IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("xid " << h.xid << " no pending request");

         return true;
     }
     caller *ca = calls_[h.xid];
 
     lock cl(ca->m);
     if(!ca->done){
         return true;
     }
     caller *ca = calls_[h.xid];
 
     lock cl(ca->m);
     if(!ca->done){

-        ca->un->take_in(rep);
+        *ca->rep = b;

         ca->intret = h.ret;
         if(ca->intret < 0){
         ca->intret = h.ret;
         if(ca->intret < 0){

-            jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcc::got_pdu: RPC reply error for xid %d intret %d\n",
-                    h.xid, ca->intret);
+            IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("RPC reply error for xid " << h.xid << " intret " << ca->intret);

         }
         ca->done = 1;
     }
         }
         ca->done = 1;
     }

@@ -383,52 +334,43 @@ compress:
     }
 }
 
     }
 }
 

-rpcs::rpcs(unsigned int p1, size_t count)
-  : port_(p1), counting_(count), curr_counts_(count), lossytest_(0), reachable_ (true)
+rpcs::rpcs(in_port_t p1, size_t count)
+  : port_(p1), counting_(count), curr_counts_(count), reachable_ (true)

 {
     set_rand_seed();
     nonce_ = (unsigned int)random();
 {
     set_rand_seed();
     nonce_ = (unsigned int)random();

-    jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcs::rpcs created with nonce %d\n", nonce_);
-
-    char *loss_env = getenv("RPC_LOSSY");
-    if(loss_env != NULL){
-        lossytest_ = atoi(loss_env);
-    }
+    IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("created with nonce " << nonce_);

 
     reg(rpc_const::bind, &rpcs::rpcbind, this);
 
     reg(rpc_const::bind, &rpcs::rpcbind, this);

-    dispatchpool_ = new ThrPool(6,false);
+    dispatchpool_ = unique_ptr<ThrPool>(new ThrPool(6, false));
+}

 
 

-    listener_ = new tcpsconn(this, port_, lossytest_);
+void rpcs::start() {
+    char *loss_env = getenv("RPC_LOSSY");
+    listener_ = unique_ptr<tcpsconn>(new tcpsconn(this, port_, loss_env ? atoi(loss_env) : 0));

 }
 
 rpcs::~rpcs()
 {
     // must delete listener before dispatchpool
 }
 
 rpcs::~rpcs()
 {
     // must delete listener before dispatchpool

-    delete listener_;
-    delete dispatchpool_;
+    listener_ = nullptr;
+    dispatchpool_ = nullptr;

     free_reply_window();
 }
 
 bool
     free_reply_window();
 }
 
 bool

-rpcs::got_pdu(connection *c, char *b, size_t sz)
+rpcs::got_pdu(const shared_ptr<connection> & c, const string & b)

 {
 {

-        if(!reachable_){
-            jsl_log(JSL_DBG_1, "rpcss::got_pdu: not reachable\n");
-            return true;
-        }
-
-    djob_t *j = new djob_t(c, b, sz);
-    c->incref();
-    bool succ = dispatchpool_->addJob(std::bind(&rpcs::dispatch, this, j));
-    if(!succ || !reachable_){
-        c->decref();
-        delete j;
+    if(!reachable_){
+        IF_LEVEL(1) LOG("not reachable");
+        return true;

     }
     }

-    return succ;
+
+    return dispatchpool_->addJob(bind(&rpcs::dispatch, this, c, b));

 }
 
 void
 }
 
 void

-rpcs::reg1(unsigned int proc, handler *h)
+rpcs::reg1(proc_t proc, handler *h)

 {
     lock pl(procs_m_);
     VERIFY(procs_.count(proc) == 0);
 {
     lock pl(procs_m_);
     VERIFY(procs_.count(proc) == 0);

@@ -437,63 +379,55 @@ rpcs::reg1(unsigned int proc, handler *h)
 }
 
 void
 }
 
 void

-rpcs::updatestat(unsigned int proc)
+rpcs::updatestat(proc_t proc)

 {
     lock cl(count_m_);
     counts_[proc]++;
     curr_counts_--;
     if(curr_counts_ == 0){
 {
     lock cl(count_m_);
     counts_[proc]++;
     curr_counts_--;
     if(curr_counts_ == 0){

-        tprintf("RPC STATS: ");
+        LOG("RPC STATS: ");

         for (auto i = counts_.begin(); i != counts_.end(); i++)
         for (auto i = counts_.begin(); i != counts_.end(); i++)

-            tprintf("%x:%lu ", i->first, i->second);
+            LOG(hex << i->first << ":" << dec << i->second);

 
         lock rwl(reply_window_m_);
 
         lock rwl(reply_window_m_);

-        std::map<unsigned int,std::list<reply_t> >::iterator clt;

 
         size_t totalrep = 0, maxrep = 0;
 
         size_t totalrep = 0, maxrep = 0;

-        for (clt = reply_window_.begin(); clt != reply_window_.end(); clt++){
-            totalrep += clt->second.size();
-            if(clt->second.size() > maxrep)
-                maxrep = clt->second.size();
+        for (auto clt : reply_window_) {
+            totalrep += clt.second.size();
+            if(clt.second.size() > maxrep)
+                maxrep = clt.second.size();

         }
         }

-        jsl_log(JSL_DBG_1, "REPLY WINDOW: clients %d total reply %lu max per client %lu\n",
-                        (int) reply_window_.size()-1, totalrep, maxrep);
+        IF_LEVEL(1) LOG("REPLY WINDOW: clients " << (reply_window_.size()-1) << " total reply " <<
+                        totalrep << " max per client " << maxrep);

         curr_counts_ = counting_;
     }
 }
 
         curr_counts_ = counting_;
     }
 }
 

-void
-rpcs::dispatch(djob_t *j)
-{
-    connection *c = j->conn;
-    unmarshall req(j->buf, j->sz);
-    delete j;
+void rpcs::dispatch(shared_ptr<connection> c, const string & buf) {
+    unmarshall req(buf, true);

 
     request_header h;
 
     request_header h;

-    req.unpack_req_header(&h);
-    unsigned int proc = (unsigned int)h.proc;
+    req.unpack_header(h);
+    proc_t proc = h.proc;

 
 

-    if(!req.ok()){
-        jsl_log(JSL_DBG_1, "rpcs:dispatch unmarshall header failed!!!\n");
-        c->decref();
+    if (!req.ok()) {
+        IF_LEVEL(1) LOG("unmarshall header failed");

         return;
     }
 
         return;
     }
 

-    jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2,
-            "rpcs::dispatch: rpc %d (proc %x, last_rep %d) from clt %u for srv instance %u \n",
-            h.xid, proc, h.xid_rep, h.clt_nonce, h.srv_nonce);
+    IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("rpc " << h.xid << " (proc " << hex << proc << ", last_rep " <<
+                    dec << h.xid_rep << ") from clt " << h.clt_nonce << " for srv instance " << h.srv_nonce);

 
     marshall rep;
 
     marshall rep;

-    reply_header rh(h.xid,0);
+    reply_header rh{h.xid,0};

 
     // is client sending to an old instance of server?
     if(h.srv_nonce != 0 && h.srv_nonce != nonce_){
 
     // is client sending to an old instance of server?
     if(h.srv_nonce != 0 && h.srv_nonce != nonce_){

-        jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2,
-                "rpcs::dispatch: rpc for an old server instance %u (current %u) proc %x\n",
-                h.srv_nonce, nonce_, h.proc);
+        IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("rpc for an old server instance " << h.srv_nonce <<
+                        " (current " << nonce_ << ") proc " << hex << h.proc);

         rh.ret = rpc_const::oldsrv_failure;
         rh.ret = rpc_const::oldsrv_failure;

-        rep.pack_reply_header(rh);
-        c->send(rep.cstr(),rep.size());
+        rep.pack_header(rh);
+        c->send(rep);

         return;
     }
 
         return;
     }
 

@@ -502,10 +436,8 @@ rpcs::dispatch(djob_t *j)
     {
         lock pl(procs_m_);
         if(procs_.count(proc) < 1){
     {
         lock pl(procs_m_);
         if(procs_.count(proc) < 1){

-            fprintf(stderr, "rpcs::dispatch: unknown proc %x.\n",
-                proc);
-            c->decref();
-                        VERIFY(0);
+            LOG("unknown proc 0x" << hex << proc << " with h.srv_nonce=" << h.srv_nonce << ", my srv_nonce=" << nonce_);
+            VERIFY(0);

             return;
         }
 
             return;
         }
 

@@ -513,8 +445,7 @@ rpcs::dispatch(djob_t *j)
     }
 
     rpcs::rpcstate_t stat;
     }
 
     rpcs::rpcstate_t stat;

-    char *b1 = nullptr;
-    size_t sz1 = 0;
+    string b1;

 
     if(h.clt_nonce){
         // have i seen this client before?
 
     if(h.clt_nonce){
         // have i seen this client before?

@@ -524,90 +455,72 @@ rpcs::dispatch(djob_t *j)
             if(reply_window_.find(h.clt_nonce) == reply_window_.end()){
                 VERIFY (reply_window_[h.clt_nonce].size() == 0); // create
                 reply_window_[h.clt_nonce].push_back(reply_t(-1)); // store starting reply xid
             if(reply_window_.find(h.clt_nonce) == reply_window_.end()){
                 VERIFY (reply_window_[h.clt_nonce].size() == 0); // create
                 reply_window_[h.clt_nonce].push_back(reply_t(-1)); // store starting reply xid

-                jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2,
-                        "rpcs::dispatch: new client %u xid %d chan %d, total clients %d\n",
-                        h.clt_nonce, h.xid, c->channo(), (int)reply_window_.size()-1);
+                IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("new client " << h.clt_nonce << " xid " << h.xid <<
+                                " chan " << c->channo() << ", total clients " << (reply_window_.size()-1));

             }
         }
 
         // save the latest good connection to the client
         {
             }
         }
 
         // save the latest good connection to the client
         {

-            lock rwl(conss_m_);
-            if(conns_.find(h.clt_nonce) == conns_.end()){
-                c->incref();
+            lock rwl(conns_m_);
+            if (conns_.find(h.clt_nonce) == conns_.end())

                 conns_[h.clt_nonce] = c;
                 conns_[h.clt_nonce] = c;

-            } else if(conns_[h.clt_nonce]->compare(c) < 0){
-                conns_[h.clt_nonce]->decref();
-                c->incref();
+            else if(conns_[h.clt_nonce]->create_time() < c->create_time())

                 conns_[h.clt_nonce] = c;
                 conns_[h.clt_nonce] = c;

-            }

         }
 
         }
 

-        stat = checkduplicate_and_update(h.clt_nonce, h.xid,
-                                                 h.xid_rep, &b1, &sz1);
+        stat = checkduplicate_and_update(h.clt_nonce, h.xid, h.xid_rep, b1);

     } else {
         // this client does not require at most once logic
         stat = NEW;
     }
 
     } else {
         // this client does not require at most once logic
         stat = NEW;
     }
 

-    switch (stat){
+    switch (stat) {

         case NEW: // new request
         case NEW: // new request

-            if(counting_){
+            if (counting_)

                 updatestat(proc);
                 updatestat(proc);

-            }

 
             rh.ret = (*f)(req, rep);
             if (rh.ret == rpc_const::unmarshal_args_failure) {
 
             rh.ret = (*f)(req, rep);
             if (rh.ret == rpc_const::unmarshal_args_failure) {

-                fprintf(stderr, "rpcs::dispatch: failed to"
-                        " unmarshall the arguments. You are"
-                        " probably calling RPC 0x%x with wrong"
-                        " types of arguments.\n", proc);
+                cerr << "failed to unmarshall the arguments. You are " <<
+                        "probably calling RPC 0x" << hex << proc << " with the wrong " <<
+                        "types of arguments." << endl;

                 VERIFY(0);
             }
             VERIFY(rh.ret >= 0);
 
                 VERIFY(0);
             }
             VERIFY(rh.ret >= 0);
 

-            rep.pack_reply_header(rh);
-            rep.take_buf(&b1,&sz1);
+            rep.pack_header(rh);
+            b1 = rep;

 
 

-            jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2,
-                    "rpcs::dispatch: sending and saving reply of size %lu for rpc %d, proc %x ret %d, clt %u\n",
-                    sz1, h.xid, proc, rh.ret, h.clt_nonce);
+            IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("sending and saving reply of size " << b1.size() << " for rpc " <<
+                            h.xid << ", proc " << hex << proc << " ret " << dec << rh.ret << ", clt " << h.clt_nonce);

 
 

-            if(h.clt_nonce > 0){
+            if (h.clt_nonce > 0) {

                 // only record replies for clients that require at-most-once logic
                 // only record replies for clients that require at-most-once logic

-                add_reply(h.clt_nonce, h.xid, b1, sz1);
+                add_reply(h.clt_nonce, h.xid, b1);

             }
 
             // get the latest connection to the client
             {
             }
 
             // get the latest connection to the client
             {

-                lock rwl(conss_m_);
-                if(c->isdead() && c != conns_[h.clt_nonce]){
-                    c->decref();
+                lock rwl(conns_m_);
+                if (c->isdead())

                     c = conns_[h.clt_nonce];
                     c = conns_[h.clt_nonce];

-                    c->incref();
-                }

             }
 
             }
 

-            c->send(b1, sz1);
-            if(h.clt_nonce == 0){
-                // reply is not added to at-most-once window, free it
-                free(b1);
-            }
+            c->send(rep);

             break;
         case INPROGRESS: // server is working on this request
             break;
         case DONE: // duplicate and we still have the response
             break;
         case INPROGRESS: // server is working on this request
             break;
         case DONE: // duplicate and we still have the response

-            c->send(b1, sz1);
+            c->send(b1);

             break;
         case FORGOTTEN: // very old request and we don't have the response anymore
             break;
         case FORGOTTEN: // very old request and we don't have the response anymore

-            jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcs::dispatch: very old request %d from %u\n",
-                    h.xid, h.clt_nonce);
+            IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("very old request " << h.xid << " from " << h.clt_nonce);

             rh.ret = rpc_const::atmostonce_failure;
             rh.ret = rpc_const::atmostonce_failure;

-            rep.pack_reply_header(rh);
-            c->send(rep.cstr(),rep.size());
+            rep.pack_header(rh);
+            c->send(rep);

             break;
     }
             break;
     }

-    c->decref();

 }
 
 // rpcs::dispatch calls this when an RPC request arrives.
 }
 
 // rpcs::dispatch calls this when an RPC request arrives.

@@ -622,30 +535,27 @@ rpcs::dispatch(djob_t *j)
 // returns one of:
 //   NEW: never seen this xid before.
 //   INPROGRESS: seen this xid, and still processing it.
 // returns one of:
 //   NEW: never seen this xid before.
 //   INPROGRESS: seen this xid, and still processing it.

-//   DONE: seen this xid, previous reply returned in *b and *sz.
+//   DONE: seen this xid, previous reply returned in b.

 //   FORGOTTEN: might have seen this xid, but deleted previous reply.
 rpcs::rpcstate_t
 rpcs::checkduplicate_and_update(unsigned int clt_nonce, int xid,
 //   FORGOTTEN: might have seen this xid, but deleted previous reply.
 rpcs::rpcstate_t
 rpcs::checkduplicate_and_update(unsigned int clt_nonce, int xid,

-        int xid_rep, char **b, size_t *sz)
+        int xid_rep, string & b)

 {
     lock rwl(reply_window_m_);
 
 {
     lock rwl(reply_window_m_);
 

-    std::list<reply_t> &l = reply_window_[clt_nonce];
+    list<reply_t> &l = reply_window_[clt_nonce];

 
     VERIFY(l.size() > 0);
     VERIFY(xid >= xid_rep);
 
     int past_xid_rep = l.begin()->xid;
 
 
     VERIFY(l.size() > 0);
     VERIFY(xid >= xid_rep);
 
     int past_xid_rep = l.begin()->xid;
 

-    std::list<reply_t>::iterator start = l.begin(), it;
-    it = ++start;
+    list<reply_t>::iterator start = l.begin(), it = ++start;

 
     if (past_xid_rep < xid_rep || past_xid_rep == -1) {
         // scan for deletion candidates
 
     if (past_xid_rep < xid_rep || past_xid_rep == -1) {
         // scan for deletion candidates

-        for (; it != l.end() && it->xid < xid_rep; it++) {
-            if (it->cb_present)
-                free(it->buf);
-        }
+        while (it != l.end() && it->xid < xid_rep)
+            it++;

         l.erase(start, it);
         l.begin()->xid = xid_rep;
     }
         l.erase(start, it);
         l.begin()->xid = xid_rep;
     }

@@ -661,12 +571,10 @@ rpcs::checkduplicate_and_update(unsigned int clt_nonce, int xid,
     if (it != l.end() && it->xid == xid) {
         if (it->cb_present) {
             // return information about the remembered reply
     if (it != l.end() && it->xid == xid) {
         if (it->cb_present) {
             // return information about the remembered reply

-            *b = it->buf;
-            *sz = it->sz;
+            b = it->buf;

             return DONE;
             return DONE;

-        } else {
-            return INPROGRESS;

         }
         }

+        return INPROGRESS;

     } else {
         // remember that a new request has arrived
         l.insert(it, reply_t(xid));
     } else {
         // remember that a new request has arrived
         l.insert(it, reply_t(xid));

@@ -675,197 +583,66 @@ rpcs::checkduplicate_and_update(unsigned int clt_nonce, int xid,
 }
 
 // rpcs::dispatch calls add_reply when it is sending a reply to an RPC,
 }
 
 // rpcs::dispatch calls add_reply when it is sending a reply to an RPC,

-// and passes the return value in b and sz.
-// add_reply() should remember b and sz.
-// free_reply_window() and checkduplicate_and_update is responsible for
-// calling free(b).
-void
-rpcs::add_reply(unsigned int clt_nonce, int xid,
-        char *b, size_t sz)
-{
+// and passes the return value in b.
+// add_reply() should remember b.
+// free_reply_window() and checkduplicate_and_update are responsible for
+// cleaning up the remembered values.
+void rpcs::add_reply(unsigned int clt_nonce, int xid, const string & b) {

     lock rwl(reply_window_m_);
     // remember the RPC reply value
     lock rwl(reply_window_m_);
     // remember the RPC reply value

-    std::list<reply_t> &l = reply_window_[clt_nonce];
-    std::list<reply_t>::iterator it = l.begin();
+    list<reply_t> &l = reply_window_[clt_nonce];
+    list<reply_t>::iterator it = l.begin();

     // skip to our place in the list
     for (it++; it != l.end() && it->xid < xid; it++);
     // there should already be an entry, so whine if there isn't
     if (it == l.end() || it->xid != xid) {
     // skip to our place in the list
     for (it++; it != l.end() && it->xid < xid; it++);
     // there should already be an entry, so whine if there isn't
     if (it == l.end() || it->xid != xid) {

-        fprintf(stderr, "Could not find reply struct in add_reply");
-        l.insert(it, reply_t(xid, b, sz));
+        cerr << "Could not find reply struct in add_reply" << endl;
+        l.insert(it, reply_t(xid, b));

     } else {
     } else {

-        *it = reply_t(xid, b, sz);
+        *it = reply_t(xid, b);

     }
 }
 
     }
 }
 

-void
-rpcs::free_reply_window(void)
-{
+void rpcs::free_reply_window(void) {

     lock rwl(reply_window_m_);
     lock rwl(reply_window_m_);

-    for (auto clt = reply_window_.begin(); clt != reply_window_.end(); clt++){
-        for (auto it = clt->second.begin(); it != clt->second.end(); it++){
-            if (it->cb_present)
-                free(it->buf);
-        }
-        clt->second.clear();
-    }

     reply_window_.clear();
 }
 
     reply_window_.clear();
 }
 

-// rpc handler
-int
-rpcs::rpcbind(unsigned int &r, int)
-{
-    jsl_log(JSL_DBG_2, "rpcs::rpcbind called return nonce %u\n", nonce_);
+int rpcs::rpcbind(unsigned int &r, int) {
+    IF_LEVEL(2) LOG("called return nonce " << nonce_);

     r = nonce_;
     return 0;
 }
 
     r = nonce_;
     return 0;
 }
 

-marshall &
-operator<<(marshall &m, uint8_t x) {
-    m.rawbyte(x);
-    return m;
-}
-
-marshall &
-operator<<(marshall &m, uint16_t x) {
-    x = hton(x);
-    m.rawbytes((char *)&x, 2);
-    return m;
-}
-
-marshall &
-operator<<(marshall &m, uint32_t x) {
-    x = hton(x);
-    m.rawbytes((char *)&x, 4);
-    return m;
-}
-
-marshall & operator<<(marshall &m, int32_t x) { return m << (uint32_t) x; }
-marshall & operator<<(marshall &m, int8_t x) { return m << (uint8_t)x; }
-marshall & operator<<(marshall &m, bool x) { return m << (uint8_t)x; }
-marshall & operator<<(marshall &m, int16_t x) { return m << (uint16_t)x; }
-marshall & operator<<(marshall &m, uint64_t x) { return m << (uint32_t)(x>>32) << (uint32_t)x; }
-
-marshall &
-operator<<(marshall &m, const std::string &s) {
-    m << (unsigned int) s.size();
-    m.rawbytes(s.data(), s.size());
-    return m;
-}
-
-void marshall::pack_req_header(const request_header &h) {
-    size_t saved_sz = index_;
-    //leave the first 4-byte empty for channel to fill size of pdu
-    index_ = sizeof(rpc_sz_t);
-    *this << h.xid << h.proc << h.clt_nonce << h.srv_nonce << h.xid_rep;
-    index_ = saved_sz;
-}
-
-void marshall::pack_reply_header(const reply_header &h) {
-    size_t saved_sz = index_;
-    //leave the first 4-byte empty for channel to fill size of pdu
-    index_ = sizeof(rpc_sz_t);
-    *this << h.xid << h.ret;
-    index_ = saved_sz;
-}
-
-// take the contents from another unmarshall object
-void
-unmarshall::take_in(unmarshall &another)
-{
-    if(buf_)
-        free(buf_);
-    another.take_buf(&buf_, &sz_);
-    index_ = RPC_HEADER_SZ;
-    ok_ = sz_ >= RPC_HEADER_SZ?true:false;
-}
-
-inline bool
-unmarshall::ensure(size_t n) {
-    if (index_+n > sz_)
-        ok_ = false;
-    return ok_;
-}
-
-inline uint8_t
-unmarshall::rawbyte()
-{
-    if (!ensure(1))
-        return 0;
-    return (uint8_t)buf_[index_++];
-}
-
-void
-unmarshall::rawbytes(std::string &ss, size_t n)
-{
-    VERIFY(ensure(n));
-    ss.assign(buf_+index_, n);
-    index_ += n;
-}
+static sockaddr_in make_sockaddr(const string &host, const string &port);

 
 

-template <class T>
-void
-unmarshall::rawbytes(T &t)
-{
-    const size_t n = sizeof(T);
-    VERIFY(ensure(n));
-    memcpy(&t, buf_+index_, n);
-    t = ntoh(t);
-    index_ += n;
-}
-
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, bool &x) { x = (bool)u.rawbyte(); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, uint8_t &x) { x = u.rawbyte(); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, int8_t &x) { x = (int8_t)u.rawbyte(); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, uint16_t &x) { u.rawbytes<uint16_t>(x); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, int16_t &x) { u.rawbytes<int16_t>(x); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, uint32_t &x) { u.rawbytes<uint32_t>(x); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, int32_t &x) { u.rawbytes<int32_t>(x); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, size_t &x) { uint32_t xx; u.rawbytes<uint32_t>(xx); x = xx; return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, uint64_t &x) { u.rawbytes<uint64_t>(x); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, int64_t &x) { u.rawbytes<int64_t>(x); return u; }
-unmarshall & operator>>(unmarshall &u, std::string &s) {
-    unsigned sz = u.grab<unsigned>();
-    if(u.ok())
-        u.rawbytes(s, sz);
-    return u;
-}
-
-bool operator<(const sockaddr_in &a, const sockaddr_in &b){
-    return ((a.sin_addr.s_addr < b.sin_addr.s_addr) ||
-            ((a.sin_addr.s_addr == b.sin_addr.s_addr) &&
-             ((a.sin_port < b.sin_port))));
-}
-
-/*---------------auxilary function--------------*/
-void
-make_sockaddr(const std::string &hostandport, struct sockaddr_in *dst) {
+static sockaddr_in make_sockaddr(const string &hostandport) {

     auto colon = hostandport.find(':');
     auto colon = hostandport.find(':');

-    if (colon == std::string::npos)
-        make_sockaddr("127.0.0.1", hostandport, dst);
+    if (colon == string::npos)
+        return make_sockaddr("127.0.0.1", hostandport);

     else
     else

-        make_sockaddr(hostandport.substr(0, colon), hostandport.substr(colon+1), dst);
+        return make_sockaddr(hostandport.substr(0, colon), hostandport.substr(colon+1));

 }
 
 }
 

-void
-make_sockaddr(const std::string &host, const std::string &port, struct sockaddr_in *dst) {
-    bzero(dst, sizeof(*dst));
-    dst->sin_family = AF_INET;
+static sockaddr_in make_sockaddr(const string &host, const string &port) {
+    sockaddr_in dst;
+    bzero(&dst, sizeof(dst));
+    dst.sin_family = AF_INET;

 
     struct in_addr a{inet_addr(host.c_str())};
 
     if(a.s_addr != INADDR_NONE)
 
     struct in_addr a{inet_addr(host.c_str())};
 
     if(a.s_addr != INADDR_NONE)

-        dst->sin_addr.s_addr = a.s_addr;
+        dst.sin_addr.s_addr = a.s_addr;

     else {
         struct hostent *hp = gethostbyname(host.c_str());
 
         if (!hp || hp->h_length != 4 || hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) {
     else {
         struct hostent *hp = gethostbyname(host.c_str());
 
         if (!hp || hp->h_length != 4 || hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) {

-            fprintf(stderr, "cannot find host name %s\n", host.c_str());
+            cerr << "cannot find host name " << host << endl;

             exit(1);
         }
         memcpy(&a, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof(in_addr_t));
             exit(1);
         }
         memcpy(&a, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof(in_addr_t));

-        dst->sin_addr.s_addr = a.s_addr;
+        dst.sin_addr.s_addr = a.s_addr;

     }
     }

-    dst->sin_port = hton((uint16_t)std::stoi(port));
+    dst.sin_port = hton((in_port_t)stoi(port));
+    return dst;

 }
 }